HELPLIB.HLB  —  EXCHANGE  /NETWORK
    Enables the operating system to transfer files to or from
    operating systems that do not support OpenVMS file organizations.
    The transfer occurs over a DECnet network communications link
    that connects OpenVMS systems and non OpenVMS operating system
    nodes.

    Using DECnet services, the EXCHANGE/NETWORK command can perform
    any of the following tasks:

    o  Transfer files between an OpenVMS node and a non OpenVMS
       system node.

    o  Transfer a group of input files to a group of output files.

    o  Transfer files between two non OpenVMS nodes, provided those
       nodes share DECnet connections with the OpenVMS node that
       issues the EXCHANGE/NETWORK command.

    Format

      EXCHANGE/NETWORK  input-filespec[,...] output-filespec

1  –  Parameters

 input-filespec[,...]

    Specifies the name of an existing file to be transferred. The
    asterisk (*)  and the percent sign (%) wildcard characters are
    allowed. If you specify more than one file, separate the file
    specifications with commas (,).

 output-filespec

    Specifies the name of the output file into which the input is
    transferred.

    You must specify at least one field in the output file
    specification. If you omit the device or directory, your current
    default device and directory are used. The EXCHANGE/NETWORK
    command replaces any other missing fields (file name, file type,
    and version number) with the corresponding field of the input
    file specification.

    The EXCHANGE/NETWORK command creates a new output file for every
    input file that you specify.

    You can use the asterisk (*)  wildcard character in place
    of the file name, the file type, or the version number. The
    EXCHANGE/NETWORK command uses the corresponding field in the
    related input file to name the output file. You can also use the
    asterisk (*)  wildcard character in the output file specification
    to direct EXCHANGE/NETWORK to create more than one output file.
    For example:

    $  EXCHANGE/NETWORK A.A,B.B  MYPC::*.C

    This EXCHANGE/NETWORK command creates the files A.C and B.C at
    the non OpenVMS target node MYPC.

    A more complete explanation of the asterisk (*)  and the percent
    sign (%)  wildcard characters and version numbers follows in the
    Description section.

2  –  Qualifiers

2.1    /BACKUP

    Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the
    /SINCE qualifier. The /BACKUP qualifier selects files according
    to the dates of their most recent backups. This qualifier
    is incompatible with the /CREATED, /EXPIRED, and /MODIFIED
    qualifiers, which also allow you to select files according to
    time attributes. If you do not specify any of these four time
    qualifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.

2.2    /BEFORE

       /BEFORE[=time]

    Selects only those files dated prior to the specified time. You
    can specify time as absolute time, as a combination of absolute
    and delta times, or as one of the following keywords: BOOT,
    LOGIN, TODAY (default), TOMORROW, or YESTERDAY. Specify one of
    the following qualifiers with the /BEFORE qualifier to indicate
    the time attribute to be used as the basis for selection:
    /BACKUP, /CREATED (default), /EXPIRED, or /MODIFIED.

    For complete information about specifying time values, see the
    OpenVMS User's Manual or the online help topic Date.

2.3    /BY_OWNER

       /BY_OWNER[=uic]

    Selects only those files whose owner user identification code
    (UIC) matches the specified owner UIC. The default UIC is that of
    the current process.

    Specify the UIC by using standard UIC format as described in the
    VSI OpenVMS Guide to System Security.

2.4    /CONFIRM

       /CONFIRM
       /NOCONFIRM (default)

    Controls whether a request is issued before each file transfer
    operation to confirm that the operation should be performed on
    that file. The following responses are valid:

    YES      NO       QUIT
    TRUE     FALSE    Ctrl/Z
    1        0        ALL
             <Return>

    You can use any combination of uppercase and lowercase letters
    for word responses. Word responses can be abbreviated to one or
    more letters (for example, T, TR, or TRU for TRUE), but these
    abbreviations must be unique. Affirmative answers are YES, TRUE,
    and 1. Negative answers include: NO, FALSE, 0, and pressing
    Return. Entering QUIT or pressing Ctrl/Z indicates that you want
    to stop processing the command at that point. When you respond by
    entering ALL, the command continues to process, but no further
    prompts are given. If you type a response other than one of
    those in the list, DCL issues an error message and redisplays
    the prompt.

2.5    /CREATED

       /CREATED (default)

    Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
    qualifier. The /CREATED qualifier selects files based on their
    dates of creation. This qualifier is incompatible with the
    /BACKUP, /EXPIRED, and /MODIFIED qualifiers, which also allow
    you to select files according to time attributes. If you do not
    specify any of these four time qualifiers, the default is the
    /CREATED qualifier.

2.6    /EXCLUDE

       /EXCLUDE=(filespec[,...])

    Excludes the specified files from the file transfer operation.
    You can include a directory but not a device in the file
    specification. The asterisk (*)  and the percent sign (%)
    wildcard characters are allowed in the file specification;
    however, you cannot use relative version numbers to exclude a
    specific version. If you specify only one file, you can omit the
    parentheses.

2.7    /EXPIRED

    Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
    qualifier. The /EXPIRED qualifier selects files according to
    their expiration dates. (The expiration date is set with the
    SET FILE/EXPIRATION_DATE command.) The /EXPIRED qualifier
    is incompatible with the /BACKUP, /CREATED, and /MODIFIED
    qualifiers, which also allow you to select files according to
    time attributes. If you do not specify any of these four time
    qualifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.

2.8    /FDL

       /FDL=fdl-filespec

    Specifies that the output file characteristics are described
    in the File Definition Language (FDL) file. Use this qualifier
    when you require special output file characteristics. For more
    information about FDL files, see the OpenVMS Record Management
    Utilities Reference Manual.

    Use of the /FDL qualifier implies that the transfer mode is
    block by block; however, the transfer mode you specify with the
    /TRANSFER_MODE qualifier prevails.

2.9    /LOG

       /LOG
       /NOLOG (default)

    Controls whether the EXCHANGE/NETWORK command displays the file
    specifications of each file copied.

    When you use the /LOG qualifier, the EXCHANGE/NETWORK command
    displays the following for each copy operation:

    o  The file specifications of the input and output files

    o  The number of blocks or the number of records copied
       (depending on whether the file is copied on a block-by-block
       or record-by-record basis)

2.10    /MODIFIED

    Modifies the time value specified with the /BEFORE or the /SINCE
    qualifier. The /MODIFIED qualifier selects files according to
    the date on which they were last modified. This time qualifier
    is incompatible with the /BACKUP, /CREATED, and /EXPIRED
    qualifiers, which also allow you to select files according to
    time attributes. If you do not specify any of these four time
    qualifiers, the default is the /CREATED qualifier.

2.11    /SINCE

       /SINCE[=time]

    Selects only those files dated on or after the specified time.
    You can specify time as absolute time, as a combination of
    absolute and delta times, or as one of the following keywords:
    BOOT, JOB_LOGIN, LOGIN, TODAY (default), TOMORROW, or YESTERDAY.
    Specify one of the following time qualifiers with the /SINCE
    qualifier to indicate the time attribute to be used as the
    basis for selection: /BACKUP, /CREATED (default), /EXPIRED, or
    /MODIFIED.

    For complete information about specifying time values, see the
    OpenVMS User's Manual or the online help topic Date.

2.12    /STYLE

       /STYLE=keyword

    Specifies the file name format for display purposes.

    The valid keywords for this qualifier are CONDENSED and EXPANDED.
    Descriptions are as follows:

    Keyword     Explanation

    CONDENSED   Displays the file name representation of what is
    (default)   generated to fit into a 255-length character string.
                This file name may contain a DID or FID abbreviation
                in the file specification.
    EXPANDED    Displays the file name representation of what is
                stored on disk. This file name does not contain any
                DID or FID abbreviations.

    The keywords CONDENSED and EXPANDED are mutually exclusive. This
    qualifier specifies which file name format is displayed in the
    output message, along with the confirmation if requested.

    File errors are displayed with the CONDENSED file specification
    unless the EXPANDED keyword is specified.

    See the VSI OpenVMS System Manager's Manual, Volume 1: Essentials
    for more information.

2.13    /SYMLINK

       /SYMLINK=keyword

    The valid keywords for this qualifier are [NO]WILDCARD and
    [NO]ELLIPSIS. Descriptions are as follows:

    Keyword     Explanation

    WILDCARD    Indicates that symlinks are enabled during wildcard
                searches.
    NOWILDCARD  Indicates that symlinks are disabled during directory
                wildcard searches.
    ELLIPSIS    Equivalent to WILDCARD (included for command
                symmetry).
    NOELLIPSIS  Indicates that symlinks are matched for all wildcard
                fields except for ellipsis.

    If the file named in the EXCHANGE/NETWORK command is a symlink,
    the command operates on the symlink target.

2.14    /TRANSFER_MODE

       /TRANSFER_MODE=option

    Specifies the I/O method to be used in the transfer. This
    qualifier is useful for all file formats. You can specify any
    one of the following options:

    Option                Function

    AUTOMATIC             Allows the EXCHANGE/NETWORK command to
                          determine the appropriate transfer mode.
                          This is the default transfer mode.

    BLOCK                 Opens both the input and output files for
                          block I/O and transfers the files block by
                          block.

    CONVERT[=option[,...]]Reads records from the input file, packs
                          them into blocks, and writes them to the
                          output file in block mode. The options
                          listed in the following table determine
                          what additional information is inserted
                          during the transfer.

    RECORD                Opens both the input and output files for
                          record I/O and transfers the files record
                          by record. The target system must support
                          record operations, and the input file must
                          be record oriented.

    The following four options are available with the CONVERT
    transfer mode to control the insertion of special characters
    in the records:

    Option                Function

    CARRIAGE_CONTROL      Any carriage control information in the
                          input file is interpreted, expanded into
                          actual characters, and included with each
                          record.

    COUNTED               The length of each record, in bytes, is
                          included at the beginning of the record.
                          The length includes all FIXED_CONTROL,
                          CARRIAGE_CONTROL, and RECORD_SEPARATOR
                          information in each record.

    FIXED_CONTROL         All variable length with fixed control
                          record (VFC) information is written to
                          the output file as part of the data. This
                          information follows the record length
                          information, if the COUNTED option was
                          specified.

    RECORD_SEPARATOR=     A 1- or 2-byte record separator is inserted
    separator             between each record. Record separator
                          characters are the last characters in the
                          record. The three choices for separator
                          characters are as follows:

                          o  CR: Specifies carriage return only.

                          o  LF: Specifies line feed only.

                          o  CRLF: Specifies carriage return and line
                             feed.

3  –  Examples

    1.$ EXCHANGE/NETWORK VMS_FILE.DAT KUDOS::FOREIGN_SYS.DAT

      In this example, the EXCHANGE/NETWORK command transfers the
      file VMS_FILE.DAT located in the current default device and
      directory to the file FOREIGN_SYS.DAT on the non OpenVMS node
      KUDOS. Because the /TRANSFER_MODE qualifier was not explicitly
      specified, the EXCHANGE/NETWORK command automatically
      determines whether the transfer method should be block or
      record I/O.

    2.$ EXCHANGE/NETWORK/TRANSFER_MODE=BLOCK -
      _$ KUDOS::FOREIGN_SYS.DAT VMS_FILE.DAT

      In this example, the EXCHANGE/NETWORK command transfers the
      file FOREIGN_SYS.DAT from the non OpenVMS node KUDOS to the
      file VMS_FILE.DAT in the current default device and directory.
      Block I/O is specified for the transfer mode.

    3.$ EXCHANGE/NETWORK/FDL=VMS_FILE_DEFINITION.FDL -
      _$ KUDOS::REMOTE_FILE.TXT  VMS_FILE.DAT

      In this example, the EXCHANGE/NETWORK command transfers the
      file REMOTE_FILE.TXT on node KUDOS to the file VMS_FILE.DAT.
      The file attributes for the output file VMS_FILE.DAT are
      obtained from the File Definition Language (FDL) source
      file VMS_FILE_DEFINITION.FDL. Because the qualifier /FDL is
      specified and the /TRANSFER_MODE qualifier is omitted, the
      transfer mode uses block I/O, by default.

      For more information about creating FDL files, see the OpenVMS
      Record Management Utilities Reference Manual.

    4.$ EXCHANGE/NETWORK -
      _$ /TRANSFER_MODE=CONVERT=(CARRIAGE_CONTROL,COUNTED, -
      _$ RECORD_SEPARATOR=CRLF,FIXED_CONTROL) -
      _$ PRINT_FILE.TXT  KUDOS::*

      In this example, the EXCHANGE/NETWORK command transfers the
      file PRINT_FILE.TXT from the current default device and
      directory to the file PRINT_FILE.TXT on the non OpenVMS node
      KUDOS. The use of the CONVERT option with the /TRANSFER_MODE
      qualifier forces the input file to be read in record by record,
      modified as specified by the CONVERT options that follow, and
      written to the output file block by block. As many records as
      will fit are packed into the output blocks.

      The CONVERT option CARRIAGE_CONTROL specifies that carriage
      control information is converted to ASCII characters and
      inserted before the data or appended to the record, depending
      on whether prefix control or postfix control, or both, are
      used.

      The CONVERT option FIXED_CONTROL specifies that any fixed
      control information be translated to ASCII characters and
      inserted at the beginning of the record.

      The CONVERT option RECORD_SEPARATOR=CRLF appends the two
      specified characters, carriage return and line feed, to the
      end of the record.

      The CONVERT option COUNTED specifies that the total length
      of the record must be counted (once the impact of all the
      previous convert options have been added), and the result is
      to be inserted at the beginning of the record, in the first 2
      bytes.
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